How to Create a Popup Form Using JavaScript

Popup forms are a great way to have dialogs on your website. You can create popup login forms, contact forms or any other type of forms for your site. The popup button will be just under the visitor’s eye. When a user clicks on the popup button, the form will appear on the screen.

Here you can learn how to create a popup form using JavaScript.

Use the display = "block" for the openForm() and display = "none" for the closeForm() functions to show and close the form when clicked:

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function openTheForm() {
  document.getElementById("popupForm").style.display = "block";
}

function closeTheForm() {
  document.getElementById("popupForm").style.display = "none";
}

Example of popup form using JavaScript:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>Title of the document</title>
    <style>
      * {
        box-sizing: border-box;
      }
      .openBtn {
        display: flex;
        justify-content: left;
      }
      .openButton {
        border: none;
        border-radius: 5px;
        background-color: #1c87c9;
        color: white;
        padding: 14px 20px;
        cursor: pointer;
        position: fixed;
      }
      .loginPopup {
        position: relative;
        text-align: center;
        width: 100%;
      }
      .formPopup {
        display: none;
        position: fixed;
        left: 45%;
        top: 5%;
        transform: translate(-50%, 5%);
        border: 3px solid #999999;
        z-index: 9;
      }
      .formContainer {
        max-width: 300px;
        padding: 20px;
        background-color: #fff;
      }
      .formContainer input[type=text],
      .formContainer input[type=password] {
        width: 100%;
        padding: 15px;
        margin: 5px 0 20px 0;
        border: none;
        background: #eee;
      }
      .formContainer input[type=text]:focus,
      .formContainer input[type=password]:focus {
        background-color: #ddd;
        outline: none;
      }
      .formContainer .btn {
        padding: 12px 20px;
        border: none;
        background-color: #8ebf42;
        color: #fff;
        cursor: pointer;
        width: 100%;
        margin-bottom: 15px;
        opacity: 0.8;
      }
      .formContainer .cancel {
        background-color: #cc0000;
      }
      .formContainer .btn:hover,
      .openButton:hover {
        opacity: 1;
      }
    </style>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h2>Popup Form</h2>
    <p>Click on the "Open Form" button to open the popup form.</p>
    <div class="openBtn">
      <button class="openButton" onclick="openForm()"><strong>Open Form</strong></button>
    </div>
    <div class="loginPopup">
      <div class="formPopup" id="popupForm">
        <form action="/action_page.php" class="formContainer">
          <h2>Please Log in</h2>
          <label for="email">
            <strong>E-mail</strong>
          </label>
          <input type="text" id="email" placeholder="Your Email" name="email" required>
          <label for="psw">
            <strong>Password</strong>
          </label>
          <input type="password" id="psw" placeholder="Your Password" name="psw" required>
          <button type="submit" class="btn">Log in</button>
          <button type="button" class="btn cancel" onclick="closeForm()">Close</button>
        </form>
      </div>
    </div>
    <script>
      function openForm() {
        document.getElementById("popupForm").style.display = "block";
      }
      function closeForm() {
        document.getElementById("popupForm").style.display = "none";
      }
    </script>
  </body>
</html>

It is also possible to separate the modal box and close it by clicking anywhere outside of the box. For that, you just need to use the target event property which returns the element that triggered the event:

function openForm() {
  document.getElementById("loginPopup").style.display = "block";
}
function closeForm() {
  document.getElementById("loginPopup").style.display = "none";
}
// When the user clicks anywhere outside of the modal, close it
window.onclick = function (event) {
  let modal = document.getElementById('loginPopup');
  if (event.target == modal) {
    closeForm();
  }
}

It is not too difficult to have several Popup Forms use the data-*global attribute. The data-* attribute is used to store custom data private to the page. Here, we use a data-modal attribute:

let modalBtns = [...document.querySelectorAll(".button")];
modalBtns.forEach(function (btn) {
  btn.onclick = function () {
    let modal = btn.getAttribute('data-modal');
    document.getElementById(modal).style.display = "block";
  }
});
let closeBtns = [...document.querySelectorAll(".close")];
closeBtns.forEach(function (btn) {
  btn.onclick = function () {
    let modal = btn.closest('.modal');
    modal.style.display = "none";
  }
});
window.onclick = function (event) {
  if (event.target.className === "modal") {
    event.target.style.display = "none";
  }
}

Example of setting multiple popup forms in one page:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>Title of the document</title>
    <style>
      .modal {
        display: none;
        position: fixed;
        z-index: 8;
        left: 0;
        top: 0;
        width: 100%;
        height: 100%;
        overflow: auto;
        background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);
        background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
      }
      .modal-content {
        margin: 50px auto;
        border: 1px solid #999;
        width: 60%;
      }
      h2,
      p {
        margin: 0 0 20px;
        font-weight: 400;
        color: #999;
      }
      span {
        color: #666;
        display: block;
        padding: 0 0 5px;
      }
      form {
        padding: 25px;
        margin: 25px;
        box-shadow: 0 2px 5px #f5f5f5;
        background: #eee;
      }
      input,
      textarea {
        width: 90%;
        padding: 10px;
        margin-bottom: 20px;
        border: 1px solid #1c87c9;
        outline: none;
      }
      .contact-form button {
        width: 100%;
        padding: 10px;
        border: none;
        background: #1c87c9;
        font-size: 16px;
        font-weight: 400;
        color: #fff;
      }
      button:hover {
        background: #2371a0;
      }
      .close {
        color: #aaa;
        float: right;
        font-size: 28px;
        font-weight: bold;
      }
      .close:hover,
      .close:focus {
        color: black;
        text-decoration: none;
        cursor: pointer;
      }
      button.button {
        background: none;
        border-top: none;
        outline: none;
        border-right: none;
        border-left: none;
        border-bottom: #02274a 1px solid;
        padding: 0 0 3px 0;
        font-size: 16px;
        cursor: pointer;
      }
      button.button:hover {
        border-bottom: #a99567 1px solid;
        color: #a99567;
      }
    </style>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h2>Multiple Popup Forms</h2>
    <p>
      <button class="button" data-modal="modalOne">Contact Us</button>
    </p>
    <p>
      <button class="button" data-modal="modalTwo">Send a Compliant Form</button>
    </p>
    <div id="modalOne" class="modal">
      <div class="modal-content">
        <div class="contact-form">
          <a class="close">&times;</a>
          <form action="/">
            <h2>Contact Us</h2>
            <div>
              <input class="fname" type="text" name="name" placeholder="Full name" />
              <input type="text" name="name" placeholder="Email" />
              <input type="text" name="name" placeholder="Phone number" />
              <input type="text" name="name" placeholder="Website" />
            </div>
            <span>Message</span>
            <div>
              <textarea rows="4"></textarea>
            </div>
            <button type="submit" href="/">Submit</button>
          </form>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div id="modalTwo" class="modal">
      <div class="modal-content">
        <div class="contact-form">
          <span class="close">&times;</span>
          <form action="/">
            <h2>Complaint form</h2>
            <div>
              <input class="fname" type="text" name="name" placeholder="Full name" />
              <input type="text" name="name" placeholder="Email" />
              <input type="text" name="name" placeholder="Phone number" />
              <input type="text" name="name" placeholder="Website" />
            </div>
            <span>Message</span>
            <div>
              <textarea rows="4"></textarea>
            </div>
            <button type="submit" href="/">Submit</button>
          </form>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <script>
      let modalBtns = [...document.querySelectorAll(".button")];
      modalBtns.forEach(function (btn) {
        btn.onclick = function () {
          let modal = btn.getAttribute("data-modal");
          document.getElementById(modal).style.display = "block";
        };
      });
      let closeBtns = [...document.querySelectorAll(".close")];
      closeBtns.forEach(function (btn) {
        btn.onclick = function () {
          let modal = btn.closest(".modal");
          modal.style.display = "none";
        };
      });
      window.onclick = function (event) {
        if (event.target.className === "modal") {
          event.target.style.display = "none";
        }
      };
    </script>
  </body>
</html>

The event target Property

The target property of event enterface is a reference to the object onto which the event was dispatched, opposed to the Event.currentTarget when the event handler is called during the bubbling or capturing phase.